Como se diseñan las etiquetas nutrimentales

¿Alguna vez te has preguntado cómo eligen que información mostrar en las etiquetas nutricionales? A continuación te presentamos todo lo que necesitas conocer para hacer un poco más de sentido a esas etiquetas.

La ley de etiquetado nutrimental en México y Estados Unidos obligan a productores a elaborarlas siguiendo lineamientos establecidos. El Diario Oficial de la Federación que presenta las Normas Oficiales Mexicanas, presenta la NOM-051-SCFI-SSA1-2010 “Especificaciones generales de etiquetado para alimentos y bebidas no alcohólicas preenvasados – información comercial y sanitaria”, la cual aplica para fabricantes, importadores, comercializadores y proveedores.

 

En México es necesario incluir en la etiqueta el nombre del producto, dirección de la empresa, lote de producción, contenido neto, tamaño de porción, número de porciones y código de barras. También incluye la lista de ingredientes, en donde todos deben ser declarados en orden de mayor a menor sin especificar cantidades. Se debe declarar un ingrediente compuesto cuando constituya más del 5% del alimento o bebida en cuestión, y debe ir acompañado de una lista entre paréntesis de sus ingredientes constitutivos. Por ley se deben declarar el contenido de calorías, proteínas, grasas, carbohidratos, fibra dietética y sodio. Como nutrientes complementarios se pueden declarar otros como el colesterol, grasas poliinsaturadas, grasas monoinsaturadas y grasas trans.

En Estados Unidos es obligatorio declarar el contenido de calorías, calorías provenientes de la grasa, grasa, grasa saturada, colesterol, ácidos grasos trans, sodio, carbohidratos, fibra dietética, azúcares, proteína, vitamina A, vitamina C, calcio y hierro. A su vez, la normativa estipula que se deben declarar los porcentajes de la ingesta diaria recomendada de cada uno de estos nutrientes. También pueden agregarse nutrientes complementarios como calorías de grasa saturada, grasas poliinsaturadas, grasas monoinsaturadas, potasio, fibra dietética soluble, fibra dietética insoluble, y otras vitaminas y minerales.

 

En México la ley aplicada en el 2010 obliga a declarar si un producto alimenticio contiene cualquiera de los 9 alimentos alérgenos más importantes, responsables de 90% de las reacciones alérgicas: leche, huevo, nueces, cacahuates, pescado, mariscos, soya, trigo y sulfitos.

Todas estas especificaciones permiten a los consumidores tomar decisiones informadas acerca del mar de productos que existen en el mercado. De esta manera pueden elegir los mejores alimentos en base a sus preferencias. Así que ya lo sabes, la próxima vez que quieras comprar algún alimento procesado fíjate en la etiqueta y conoce todo lo que tienes que saber al respecto.


4 comentarios

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